NEGARA KERTAGAMA CANTO 39-49

NEGARA KERTAGAMA

CANTO 39-49

[Canto 39]

1. Verily the paduka mpungku (His Magnificence monsignor) of Mungguh, He said: well, marvellous is the question of the rakawi (honoured poet), touching the heart. To the utmost exerting himself, indeed, is the kawi (poet), old in mind. The striving after knowledge of the books of learning causes praise of the world.
2. Then, with your leave now your servant here will teach immediately, having (first) purified himself with water of the seven tirthas (sacred watering places) in his thoughts. Homage to You, Girindra (Shiwa), the sembah (anjali) to the honoured Holy One. Then, not may it be that should meet with a portent this one, in giving speech.
3. Forgiving be, I pray, the heart of the honoured kawi(poet)-monarch, willing to listen. The oral tradition, perhaps there may be much that is false. Then, let us adhere to the wisdom of the honoured old ones, though. It may be the case that there is too little, perhaps there may be a surplus, it shall not be deserving of blame.

[Canto 40]

1. In the past, Shaka-year: oceans-points-of-the-compass-moon (1104 = 1182 A.D.), there was He, a great Protector, in war uniquely manful, manifestly a god by nature, not from a womb born, a son (produced) by the activity of the Illustrious Girindra (Shiwa, Lord of the Mountain), renowned. EquaIly awed, submissive were aIl the common people, obeying at His feet, obsequiously bowing. The Illustrious Ranggah Rajasa, renowned, was His name, victorious over his enemies, a warlike hero, most clever.
2. A desha (district), large, east of mount Kawi, fuIl of aIl amenities, most pleasant, a manor (as to) its legal state, being a mantri's (mandarin's) place, called Kuta Raja, vanquished; its people there was numerous. This now was the place of the Illustrious Girindra-Son, practising the Law, unremittingly applying himself to the art of war. The contentment of the virtuous, the annihilation of evildoers, these were unremittingly applied to, that there might be order in the world, most submissive.
3. In Shaka: oceans-four-of-dice-Shangkaras (1144 = 1222 A.D.) He marched against the Illustrious Prince of Kadinten (Kadiri), the honoured manful blameless Illustrious Kertajaya, versed in the books of learning of Tattwopadesha (Instruction on Reality). Soon he was defeated. How great was his fear! Bearing in mind to fly he pushed his way into the ajars (doctors)' place Parshwa Shunya. All the retinue, in the first place the common prajurits (fighting men), anyone who remained in the Royal residence, was annihilated.
4. At the defeat of the honoured Illustrious Prince of Kadiri the whole of Jawa-land (Java) was afraid, awed. They arrived, making sembah (anjali), equally bringing all there was of products of their own deshas (districts), paying homage. One were then Janggala and Kadiri, equal, having one Protector, most powerful. Then it was the first time that (the social order of) dapurs (rural communities) and juru-kuwus (lairds of manors) penetrated the common people, causing rejoicing of the world.
5. The more increasing, growing now was power and magnificence with the Illustrious Girindra's Own Son. Pleasant now was the security of that Yawa-land (Java) obeying at His feet, being the Screen of the world. In Shaka nine-oceans-Rudras (1149 = 1227 A.D.) in due time was His demise, returning home to Heaven's regions. Renowned in the world is he as the honoured one who was placed in a double dharma (religious domain) in Kagenengan, as a Shiwaite and as a Buddhist, in oIden times.

[Canto 41]

1. The Lord, the honoured Anusanatha, son in relation to the Lord, succeeded, powerful, in being obeyed. During His time of enjoying the world was stable all this Yawa-country (Java), submissive, mindful. In the Shaka-year: mark-mountains-Shambhus (1170 =1248 A.D.) was the Lord's demise, returning home to Girindra (the Mountain- Lord)'s abode. He now was given the shape of a lamp in the likeness of Shiwa, splendid, in the eminent dharma (religious domain) in Kidal.
2. The Lord Jaya Wisnuwardhana, precisely, that was His son, the honoured one who took his place in being obeyed. The Lord Narasingha was His fellow; comparable with Madhawa with his elder brother they made stable the worId. They destroyed a miscreant by name Linggapati ; he died, annihilated altogether. Awed were all the enemies at Their feet here, surely divine incarnations in the material world.
3. In Shaka tastes-mountains-moon-moon (1176 = 1254 A.D.) the Lord Wisnu consecrated his honoured son to be obeyed. Universally the common people of Kadiri and Janggala entered into the Presence, performing the puspa (flower offering) ceremony in the durbar-place of the Royal compound. Prince Kertanagara, that was the consecration-name for Him, already renowned. The pradesha (rural district) of Kuta Raja, increasing in utmost splendour, was called Singasari town.
4. In the Shaka-year sky-nine-earth-earth (1190 = 1268 A.D.) the Lord Wisnu returned home to the gods' abode, deceased. Placed in a dharma (religious domain), then, was He in Waleri in Shiwa's likeness; on the other hand in Sugata (Buddha) likeness he has his place in Jajaghu. After some time also the Lord Narasinghamurti, He returned home to the gods' estate, Recently He has been placed in a dharma (religious domain) by our lord of Wengker, an excellent Shiwa-arca (cult-statue), having its place in Kumitir.
5. To be recorded again is Prince Kertanagara, he destroyed a wicked, bad man, by name Cayaraja, annihilated in that Shaka-year arms-cattle-moon- earth (1192 = 1270 A.D.), deceased. Mountains-nine-existences Shaka (1197 = 1275 A.D.) the honoured Prabhu ordered to take for goal (of a military expedition) the country of Malayu there. Intense was going to be their fear because of His being a divine incarnation. Before that time was that demise.

[Canto 42]

1. The Shaka-year twins-empty-suns (1202 = 1280 A.D.) was the time of the Prince's again killing a bad man, that Mahisa Rangkah. Uttermost was his wickedness, loathed by the whole of the town. In bodies-sky-suns Shaka (1206 = 1284 A.D.) He sent men yonder to the land of Bali, to be subjugated. Without delay its Ratu (Queen) was overpowered; made a captive, she came to the Prince according to custom.
2. In this manner then the other countries equally were striving for security, entering into the Presence at the Prince's feet. All that belonged to Pahang, that belonged to Malayu equally bowed humbly. Also what belonged to Gurun, what belonged to Bakulapura looked for support, entering into the Presence. Not to be mentioned is Sunda and on the other hand Madura, for the whole of the land of Yawa (Java) was submissive, without fault.
3. Verily he was a Prince not negligent, free from intoxication, the more very zealous in management, for he was clear-sighted as to the difficulties of the world's protection to be exercised in the period of Kali. His motive for holding to samaya (esoteric ceremonies) and on the other hand brata (religious observances), firm in the denomination of the Sogatas (Buddhists), was: to imitate the honoured Kings of the past, in former times, in order to consolidate the increase of the world.

[Canto 43]

1. The words of the books of learning are: the Pandawa Princes were in (the age of) Dwapara, in the past, Prabhus. Cattle-mountains-moon-three (3179) joined with the Shaka-year was the time of Their returning home to Heaven's estate. Then at Their returning home was the beginning of (the age of) Kali. It occurred that the world grew greedy and tumultuous. Only the honoured Holy Sadabhijna stood firm, protecting the world as Dewaprabhu (divine King).
2. That was the reason why the Prince was submissive at the Feet of the Illustrious Shakya-Lion (Buddha), orderly. With zeal he kept the pancashila (five commandments), observing the ceremonies of consecration in good order. Everywhere was known the name of His Jina-consecration: the honoured Illustrious Jnanabajreshwara. Tarka-wyakarana (speculation and grammar) and other books were those that were studied by the Illustrious Protector, clever to the limit.
3. Then in His somewhat old age he held to the esoteric (sense) of all kriyas (rites). In the first place the Subhuti tantra, so it is said, was kept, its essence was treasured in the heart. Puja-yoga-samadhi (worship, concentration, meditation) were borne in mind by Him, striving for the orderliness of the world, all of it, not to mention yet Ganacakra, and always gifts successively provided for in the realm.
4. There was not, so one hears, anyone like the Prince among all the Prabhus of the past, perfect in sadguna (politic accomplishments), knowing the books of learning, versed in the Way of Tattwopadesha (Instruction on Reality), dharmesta (devoted to the Law), firm in Jinabrata (religious observances connected with Jina worship), very much exerting himself in Prayogakriya (Tantristic rites). This was the cause that His childrens' children equally were monarchs, Dewaprabhus (divine Kings).
5. In Shaka oceans-man-sun (1214 = 1292 A.D.) the Prince returned home to the Jinendra abode. On account of His knowledge of the other kriyas (rites) with all upadeshas (doctrines), eminent, "the honoured one who is released in the Shiwa-Buddha-regions", was at the Illustrious Protector's demise the saying of all the world. Here is His place, being placed in a dharma (religious domain) as an arca (cult-statue) of Shiwa-Buddha, its imposing quality excellent.
6. Also in Sagala is a pratistha (divine abode), a Jina likeness, infinite in splendour, naturally an Ardhanareshwari, with her, the honoured Illustrious Bajradewi, united, His honoured associate as to increase in the world, one in kriya (rites) and brata (observances). The Holy Wairocana-Locana was Their aspect, being one arca (cult-statue), celebrated in the realm.

[Canto 44]

1. At the time that the Illustrious Prince Kertanagara returned home to the Buddhas' estate, the world was terrified, in disaster and tumult, as if its order was going to be again as in the Kali age. There was a neighbouring King, renowned, Jaya Katwang (Jaya the Redoubtable) by name, a rascal. There in the country of Kadiri, wishing to succeed in the paramountcy, he was casting about for ways and means.
2. In the past, at the going away of Him, the Illustrious Kertajaya there, in Shaka oceans-Manus-one (1144 = 1222 A.D.), the order of the Illustrious Mountains' Overlord (Shiwa)'s Son was: Jayasabha is he who shall take his place in being obeyed. In Shaka eight-one-one (1180 = 1258 A.D.) Shastrajaya, again, resided in the land of Kadiri. In Shaka three-nine-Shangkaras (1193 = 1271 A.D.) lord Jaya Katwang (Jaya the Redoubtable) was Protector, the last.
3. All Protectors were submissive to the son of the son of the Lord Mountains' Monarch (Shiwa)'s Son, not to mention that in respect of the Illustrious Prince Kertanagara even the other islands were following. Now, however, at the honoured Ruler's passing away haji (lord) Jaya Katwang was greedy, false. What difficulties for the world to be guarded in (the age of) Kali! Certainly its welfare shall not thrive always.
4. Caused by His knowledge of the books of learning the powerful influence of our lord's exertions endured for a long time. So there was a son of the Illustrious Prince, defeating the enemies, setting right the world. Then, son-in-law was His family relation, dyah (the high-born) Wijaya was the indication of the world, praising Him. Half with Tatar men he beat haji (lord) Jaya Katwang; exterminated altogether.

[Canto 45]

1. At the death of Prince Jaya Katwang was open the world, naked. Seasons-shape-sun (1216 = 1294 A.D.) was the Shaka-year, then was Nararya, He, Ratu, obeyed in the Royal compound at Majapahit, amiable, vanquishing the enemies, indicated as Prince Kertarajasa Jayawardhana, as Prince.
2. At the moment that Prince Kertarajasa Jayawardhana was obeyed, the whole of Yawa-land (Java) turned mindful (of its duty), most humbly they entered into the Presence, equally taking delight in seeing the wedlock of the Princesses, four, Prince Kertanagara's daughters, equally to be compared with divine women. 

 [Canto 46]

1. Then, the honoured Illustrious Parameshwari (paramount Mistress) was Tribhuwana by name, the eldest, blameless. Unseparated was dyah (the high-born dame) Duhita, renowned, the Mahadewi (great Goddess), going to the limit in beauty. Prajnaparamita was called the honoured one who had the function of Jayendradewi (divine victorious Lady), blameless in harmony. Dyah (the high-born dame) Gayatri, the amiable, the youngest, was used as the first one, being Rajapatni (King's consort) in the Royal compound.
2. Then, these, so it is said, being married, in the third degree They were relatives, very near. For, so it is said, Lord Wisnu was misan (first cousin), as to His family relation, not far, with the Illustrious Narasinghamurti, who had a son, dyah (the high-born) Lembu Tal, doughty, the honoured manful one in battle, the honoured one who was placed in the dharma (religious domain) at Mireng. a Buddhist pratistha (divine abode), fixed.

[Canto 47]

1. Dyah (the high-born) Lembu Tal, He had for son the honoured Prince. Such was His idea: how pleasant : cousins in the third degree and moreover beautiful princesses. Such was the shape of the community in marriage of our lords: all unanimous, All His orders were orders given by all of them, giving joy to the world.
2. In Shaka seven-man-sun (1217 = 1295 A.D.) the Prince is to be mentioned. He caused His son to be inaugurated, to be obeyed in Kadinten (Kadiri). The Illustrious Indreshwari (Lady Mistress) was His Mother, (he was) manful, expert, clever. The Royal consecration (-name) was: Jayanagara, not otherwise.
3. In Shaka moon-three-sun (1231 = 1309 A.D.) was His passing away, of the Prince. Soon, as a pratistha (divine abode) with a Jina-likeness, He was placed in the Interior of the Royal compound. Antahpura, sic, is the indication of that eminent dharma (religious domain) there. As a Shiwaite pratistha (divine abode) He now is also in Simping.

[Canto 48]

1. Then was left behind Prince Jayanagara as Prabhu in Tikta Wilwa (Majapahit) town, with the Prince's little daughters, His younger sisters, having for Mother the honoured most eminent Rajapatni) peerless. The honoured pair was equally excellent in beauty, in shape a pair of Ratis, they surpassed divine women. Protector in Jiwana was the elder of Them. As Princess of Daha She, the younger, was obeyed.
2. On the Shaka date releases-qualities-wings-shape (1238 = 1316 A.D.), the Madhu-month (Caitra, March-April) is now to be related: the Illustrious Jayanagara, the Prabhu, was leaving to annihilate enemies in Lamajang. Exterminated was pu Nambi (Sir Tambi), wrecked the whole of the house and family in Pajarakan; their stronghold was broken. Alarmed, awed was then the world at His manfulness, of the honoured Prince, being obeyed.
3. On the Shaka date dot-arrows-sun (1250 = 1328 A.D.) the honoured Prince returned home to Hari's (Wishnu's) estate. Soon He was placed in the dharma ( religious domain) in the Interior of the Royal compound, His arca (cult-statue) is a Wishnulikeness, supreme, On the other hand in Shila Petak and in Bubat equally he has pratimas (statuettes) as Wishnu-incarnations, peerless. In Sukalila is the Sugata(Buddha)-likeness, splendid, being Amoghasiddhi materialized.

[Canto 49]

1. Verily, in the Shaka year moon-arrows-two-shape (1251 = 1329 A.D.) the Princess of Jiwana, renowned, Mother to the Prince, took his place in Tikta Malura (Majapahit) there, as Queen. The Father of the Illustrious Prince was in Singasari, here.
2. He was Her son-in-Iaw, of the Illustrious Great Rajapatni. She now here was a bringer of fortune to the world, paramount, a daughter, a son-in-law, moreover a grandson being Kings and Queen. She made Ratus and minded all customary ceremonies.
3. In fires-arrows-sun Shaka (1253 = 1331 A.D.) the enemies were annihilated. Sadeng and Keta were defeated, the object of an expedition of the personal retinue. That was the moment that the world's protection, (as to) its burden, passed on to the honoured mantri (mandarin) with the name Mada, infinitely clever.
4. Further, in the Shaka year arrows-seasons-eyes-navel (1265 = 1343 A.D.) that Bali there, its Protectors were evil disposed, vile. Aimed at by an expedition of the Royal servants they were exterminated, all of them, destroyed. Awed were all kinds of evil-doers, retiring, running away.
5. Dang acaryya (The reverend doctor) Ratnangsha, such were His words, speaking. True was the speaking of the honoured old man, His speech aweinspiring. Visible became the excellence of the Illustrious Princes in the world, now, for they are of divine family and also divine incarnations.
6. People now, hearing the tales of the Illustrious Princes, then, when their minds delight in them, they increase in submissiveness. It is clear their evil karma (sinfulness) ceases to dominate. The disasters, diseases and so on clearly are eliminated.
7. Further, the paduka mpungku (His Magnificence Monsignor) asked forgiveness, saying: This is the tradition, my dear, its limit is (reached) now. May you find welfare, increase in scholarship, as fruit of saying the glory of the honoured paramount ones.
8. At the end of the segeh (regalement) according to custom, speaking upright words, the rakawi (Honoured poet) wanted to beg leave to heed his own concerns here. Coming on was the night, the evening he sojourned in the pakuwon (manors' quarter). After some time, in the morning, he was in waiting at the Illustrious Prince's feet.